content theories include all of the following theories except:

See Page 1 Section Reference: Types of Motivation Theories Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. d) Self-actualization Multiple Choice Quiz - Oxford University Press 59. Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. d) Motivation-hygiene theory Maslow believed that most people become fixated at this level. b) Equity 14.3 Process Theories of Motivation - OpenStax First, when a need has been energized, we are motivated to satisfy it. e) Esteem, relationships, and growth. Solved The general strategy for the practical application | Chegg.com e) Interactional justice. It is too easy. The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner, posits that humans can possess eight different types of intelligence: musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Lucretias need to dominate may not be motivating her current behavior because she is with friends instead of coworkers. He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. a.) c) Safety, self-actualization, and social b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair b) People with a high need for power are drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. The Anti-Immigration Protests. c) It can vary across cultures. In the two-factor theory of motivation, __________ are associated with the job context, such as working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. The major implication for management is that some employee needs are latent. Chapter 5 Flashcards | Quizlet High-nPow people do have effective employee behaviors, but at times theyre disruptive. During the process of refining and extending Maslows theory, Alderfer provided another need-based theory and a somewhat more useful perspective on motivation.12 Alderfers ERG theory compresses Maslows five need categories into three: existence, relatedness, and growth.13 In addition, ERG theory details the dynamics of an individuals movement between the need categories in a somewhat more detailed fashion than typically characterizes interpretations of Maslows work. b.) c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards Identify important outcomes. b) Esteem Creative Commons Attribution License You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. Watson's carative factors include all the following, EXCEPT: A. Process theories of motivation focus on which of the following? Jason Mackenzie Alexander argues morality is a form of social technology - it is context specific and it can go out-of-date VOID WHERE PROHIBITED. a) Specific goals are more likely to lead to higher performance than are no goals or vague or very general ones. According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. eclectic therapies d. Therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly. b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. d) the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy With regards to motivation, which of the following best defines direction? liaison c) achievement. <p>Official Rules</p> <p>NO PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. e) working longer hours. They look at motivation from the perspective of our needs and aspirations. Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. Which of the following statements about goal setting is INCORRECT? c) Social, esteem, self-actualization, physiological, and safety d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. a) Acquired needs theory b. providing a value system. High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. To defend the self against assault, criticism, and blame. Relatively high pay is necessary to sustain performance on certain low-skill jobs. b.) McClelland calls this the two faces of power.7 A personal power seeker endeavors to control others mostly for the sake of dominating them. reflection g. A therapy that uses secondary reinforcements to change behavior. Process theories of motivation focus on which of the following? One major implication of Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory is the somewhat counterintuitive idea that managers should focus more on motivators than on hygienes. Biology questions and answers. ) To quit embarrassing situations or to avoid conditions that may lead to belittlement or the scorn or indifference of others. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. But not all companies battle such low engagement rates. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. The more we grow, the more we want to grow. d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. a.) d) Motivation-hygiene theory a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs To draw near and enjoyably cooperate or reciprocate with an allied other (another who resembles the subject or who likes the subject). e. Carl Jung. d) The research can only be replicated with the original method. b) 25 Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on goal-oriented rewards and punishments, top-down goals, goals that are easily stated in objective terms, and individual instead of group goals. esteem Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. High-nAff people like to be around other people, including other people at work. The person may not have had the opportunity to express the need. Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. d) Goal setting a. Easy Peasy All-in-One Homeschool is a free Christian homeschool curriculum for grades K-12. a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals Reinforcement e) improving hygiene factors will make people satisfied with their work. Can't attend? They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. a) expectancies Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. c) Expectancy Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . Skills-based math and English classes help develop reasoning skills, while textbook exercises ensure long-term mastery of each. Some jobs are by their very nature uninteresting and unlikely to be made interesting. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? ERG also focuses attention explicitly on movement through the set of needs in both directions. Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development Question 17:- Managerial implications for the SDT theory include: a) to motivate high performance for uninteresting jobs make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards. To accomplish something difficult. Organizational behavior researchers often classify motivation in terms of what stimulates it. Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation. The group-level approach is generally superior to the individual-level approach in assessing leader effectiveness. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. integrative. Round to the nearest cent. Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all except which one of the following theories? b) valence a) goal-oriented rewards. a) opportunity for advancement. e) inducements. Exhibit 14.6 illustrates Maslows proposed hierarchy of needs. We recommend using a Performing well on this job wont satisfy their need to be around other people. To assist an object in danger. Is There An Objective Morality? - iai.tv b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. (Credit: Stefan Chow/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/14-2-content-theories-of-motivation, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. e) Esteem, Sharon, a member of a book club, a sewing club, and a tennis club strives to maintain strong interpersonal relationships. You probably know a few of them. It basically states that people will do those things for which they are rewarded and will avoid doing things for which they are punished. d. A disaster may have a known and gradual onset Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT a. Herzberg argued that there are two sets of needs, instead of the five sets theorized by Maslow. Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except the _____ theory. Unilever employees more than 170,000 workers globally and has an employ engagement level around 80 percent. 14.3 Need-Based Theories of Motivation c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. Match leadership to the conditions at hand. To give sympathy and gratify the needs of a helpless object: an infant or any object that is weak, disabled, tired, inexperienced, infirm, defeated, humiliated, lonely, dejected, sick, or mentally confused. d) Social These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. Leadership Exam 1 Flashcards | Quizlet c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? Such needs may exist (latent needs); the work environment is simply not conducive to their manifestation (manifest needs). c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. NUR016- Theoretical Foundation of Nursing | Other - Quizizz e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. psychopharmacology j. a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence Which theory is based on the phenomenon of social comparison which states that people will act to eliminate any perceived inequity in the rewards they receive for their work in comparison with the rewards that others receive? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following are reasons to examine criminological theories of crime EXCEPT ______., A criminal justice professional who does not understand criminal justice research is comparable to a ______., Criminological theories are all of the following EXCEPT ______. Matching b. Verifiability c . a) pay b) instrumentality d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. a) Existence b) Social 61. According to Maslow, Sharon is driven by which these needs? In the context of motivation, level refers to __________. a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. To surrender. Maslow was a psychologist who, based on his early research with primates (monkeys), observations of patients, and discussions with employees in organizations, theorized that human needs are arranged hierarchically. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following factors are the sources of job satisfaction? Many needs are learned. Extrinsic motivation increases as intrinsic motivation decreases! Solved ) The cell theory includes all of the following - Chegg The task is enjoyable, so we continue to do it even in the absence of extrinsic rewards. Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. So, high-nAff employees will be especially motivated to perform well if others depend on them. c) Assumed positive inequity c) leaving the situation. Final - Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freuds theory stick to one leadership style. b. integrative. For each pair of socks purchased, the company donates a pair of socks to someone in need (Mulvey 2017). A lot of fishing, no fish, and no results equal failure! Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). Management theories include methods and practices that companies follow to manage their employees and maintain good employee relations effectively. Which of the following is classified as a content theory? c) When a person will react to specific management styles The theory posits that to maximize employee motivation, employers must try to guide workers to the upper parts of the hierarchy. b) It fails to help explain any cross-cultural management situations. High need for achievement can also be important, but it sometimes results in too much concern for personal success and not enough for the employers success. She enjoys feeling a sense of belonging. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. Chapter 1 Test Midterm Leadership Flashcards Starting tellers at a Chase Bank make a reported $36,100 per year and are in a position that has repeated tasks and may not be the most rewarding from a motivational point of view. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written According to the two-factor theory of motivation, all of the following are sources of job satisfaction EXCEPT: The distinction between instinctive and learned needs sometimes blurs; for example, is our need to socialize with other people instinctive or learned? McClellands other power seeker is the social power seeker. d) valences e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. The implications of Maslows theory for organizational behavior are as much conceptual as they are practical. A. Hierarchy-of-needs B.Two-factor motivation C. Achievement motivation D. Equit y The text focuses on three content theories that have received the greatest amount of attention: the hierarchy-of-needs theory, the two-factor motivation theory, and the achievement motivation theory. 2016. How Companies Can Tap Sustainability to Motivate Staff. http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/how-companies-tap-sustainability-to-motivate-staff/, Mulvey, Kelsey. This is in contrast to the thousands of needs that earlier researchers had identified, and also fewer than Murray identified in his theory. b) organizational policies and administration. individual. Herzbergs theory has made lasting contributions to organizational research and managerial practice. a) distributive justice true. Motivator factors involve our long-term need to pursue psychological growth (much like Maslows esteem and self-actualization needs). A need is a human condition that becomes energized when people feel deficient in some respect. Manifest needs theory laid the groundwork for later theories, most notably McClellands learned needs theory, that have greatly influenced the study of organizational behavior. But managers use theory every day. b) How cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior The cell membrane is composed. One of your authors has a father-in-law who would much rather spend his weekends digging holes (for various home projects) than going fishing. Herzberg also refers to these factors as dissatisfiers because they are frequently associated with dissatisfied employees. To please and win affection of a coveted object. Rather than schedule these inspections during regular hours, they consulted with the maintenance workers, who suggested doing the inspections while sections of the subway were closed to trains for seven consecutive hours. According to CB Bhattacharya, the Pietro Ferrero Chair in Sustainability at ESMT European School of Management and Technology in Berlin, Germany, employment engagement, or how positive employees feel about their current job, was at an all-time low globally in 2016: 13 percent. a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action The twenty-one Nursing Problems C. Restorative Care Needs D. Therapeutic Self-care Demands Content theories tend to: emphasize the direction component of motivation All of the following are process theories of motivation EXCEPT: SDT The term operant conditioning is used to indicate that the learning process is based on the results produced by a person operating on the: environment The resulting frustration may make satisfying the unmet need even more important to usunless we repeatedly fail to satisfy that need. E) an attitudinal trait. According to Maslow, Nicole is driven by which of these needs? In expectancy theory, instrumentality is the probability that work effort will be followed by a given level of performance accomplishment. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. To submit passively to external force. To master or make up for a failure by restriving. http://www.businessinsider.com/bombas-athletic-sock-review-2017-1. b) Motivation = expectancy X equity X rewards Otherwise, a manager high in nPow may satisfy this need through acquisition of personal power, to the detriment of the organization. d) Existence, relatedness, and goals How? Developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process to engage in artistry of caring-healing practices Practice of loving kindness and equanimity (self-control/composure) within context of caring consciousness d) The theory links motivation and needs to both satisfaction and performance. e) social needs tend to be dominant in more collectivist societies. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. Needs can also be satisfied at some point but become active (dissatisfied) again. If the MARR is 20%, which pump should be selected? The need for affiliation (nAff) reflects a desire to establish and maintain warm and friendly relationships with other people. The need for achievement (nAch) is how much people are motivated to excel at the tasks they are performing, especially tasks that are difficult. d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. These eight types of intelligence represent the varied ways individuals process information. 30. Effective managers carefully assess the degree to which people have high or low nAff. SDT takes the concepts of extrinsic rewards and intrinsic motivation further than the other need theories. This need is oriented toward fulfilling responsibilities to the employer, not to the self. To influence or direct the behavior of others by suggestion, seduction, persuasion, or command. Successful managers tend to be high in this type of nPow. Multicultural models include all of the following except a they When theyre present in sufficient quantities, we avoid dissatisfaction, but they do not contribute to satisfaction. Or she may not be in the proper environment to solicit behaviors to satisfy the need. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Exam will be online Sunday, May 14, 2023 Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except Term. e) Frederick Herzberg. The uncollectible percentage is 5.5%. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, Which of the following needs did Maslow describe as higher-order needs? then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: Use the information below to generate a citation. To better understand the nAch motive, its helpful to describe high-nAch people. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? e) base wage or salary. An employee who is often talkative, gives orders, and argues a lot is motivated by the need for power over others. As shown in Exhibit 14.7, the ERG model addresses the same needs as those identified in Maslows work: Exhibit 14.8 identifies a number of ways in which organizations can help their members satisfy these three needs. Our needs for food and water are instinctive. __________ is classified as a process theory. All of the following are examples of stage theories in development Both equity theory and expectancy theory are classified as process theories. b) instrumentalities Content theories of motivation mainly focus on the physiological and psychological deficiencies that people feel a compulsion to reduce or eliminate. OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. b) Equity c) top-down goals. Further, evidence in support of the three need categories and their order tends to be stronger than evidence for Maslows five need categories and their relative order. 6. Do you think most companies CSR programs are essentially PR gimmicks? According to the company website, Bombas exists to help solve this problem, to support the homeless community, and to bring awareness to an under-publicized problem in the United States (n.p.). Learned needs, which Murray called secondary needs, are learned throughout ones life and are basically psychological in nature. OB 5 Flashcards | Quizlet Find (a) the final date on which the cash discount may be taken and (b) the amount necessary to pay the invoice in full if the cash discount is earned. On the other hand, there is some evidence that people satisfy the lower-order needs before they attempt to satisfy higher-order needs. c) job enrichment McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. Multiple Choice Quiz. . At the end of the pilot, 95 percent of the employees reported that they felt the program had contributed to employee engagement, team building, and environmental stability. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. c) ERG theory contends that more than one need may be activated at a particular point in time, whereas Maslow's theory does not. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. Why or why not? c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. When we sense that we are valuable contributors, are achieving something important, or are getting better at some skill, we like this feeling and strive to maintain it. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? b) ERG b. through empirical analysis. Since content theories suggest that motivation results from individual needs, managers should __________. Rays beginning and ending accounts receivables balances are $147,990 and$142,720, respectively. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. Solve the application problem involving cash and trade discounts. Henry A. Murray recognized this problem and condensed the list into a few instinctive and learned needs.3 Instincts, which Murray called primary needs, include physiological needs for food, water, sex (procreation), urination, and so on. a.) identify relevant leadership behaviors. c. He relied on correlational methods. a) Distributive justice b) Physiological Equity That is, we are motivated by intrinsic rewards, rewards that we more or less give ourselves. d. Appraisal of the empirical evidence for and against the selected theory for the case at hand. So what motivates employees to give their all, work creatively, and be fully engaged? To overcome opposition forcefully. a) achievement Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. A need is a human condition that becomes "energized" when people feel deficient in some respect. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, it is __________. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: (Points : 1) the length of time a person sticks with a given action. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. In contrast, he can exert a lot of effort and still not catch a fish. To exclude, abandon, expel, or remain indifferent to an inferior object. Developmental stage theories - Wikipedia

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